led street light driver circuit diagram

At night in the city, the LED street lights on both sides of the street are like stars, embellishing the darkness. They not only illuminate people’s way home, but also ensure the safety of pedestrians and vehicles at night. Behind all of this, there is a crucial component – the LED street light driver circuit. Today, we will delve into the principles and design points of LED street light driver circuits.

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One of the core components of LED street lights is its driving circuit, which mainly provides a constant current to the LED, ensuring its brightness and lifespan. Due to the fact that the light output of LED is directly proportional to the current passing through it, the driving circuit must be able to provide a stable current to ensure the brightness consistency of the street lights.

The design of LED street light driver circuit should first consider the input power supply. In most cases, street lights are directly connected to AC mains power, so it is necessary to include an AC/DC converter to convert AC power to DC power. This converter usually consists of a rectifier and a filtering capacitor. The rectifier is responsible for converting alternating current into pulsed direct current, while the filtering capacitor smooths these pulses and reduces voltage fluctuations.

Next is the core part of LED driver, which is the constant current source. In order to protect LEDs and extend their lifespan, the design of a constant current source needs to ensure that it can provide a constant current even when the input voltage or LED load changes. This is usually achieved through the use of special constant current driver chips or the use of linear regulators and current detection resistors. A constant current driver can be a switch mode power supply (SMPS) that can operate over a wide range of input voltages and provide efficient current output.

In addition to basic power conversion and constant current control, the LED street light driver circuit also needs to consider dimming function. In order to meet the brightness requirements of different time periods and environments, street lights usually integrate dimming control, which may involve complex circuit designs, such as PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) controllers, which can adjust brightness by changing the width of the current pulse supplied to the LED.

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In order to improve the reliability and safety of the system, the LED street light driver circuit will also include overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit protection mechanisms. These protective measures can prevent damage caused by circuit faults or external factors (such as lightning strikes). For example, fuses and transient voltage suppressors (TVS) can be added to the circuit to prevent sudden high currents and voltages from causing damage to LEDs.

When designing LED street light driver circuits, energy efficiency issues should also be considered. Due to the large number of street lights, even a small improvement in energy efficiency can bring significant energy savings. Therefore, designers will choose high-efficiency components and optimize circuit layout to reduce power consumption and heat dissipation.